Andrew l



Patented Oct. 25, I898.

A. L. BIKER.

ARMATURE WINDING.

(Application filed Ant. 18, 1898.)

(No Model.)

: NORRIS pawns c0 PHoTo-uTHo, WASHINGTON, o. c

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW L. BIKER, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

ARMATU RE -WIND|NG.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 612,977, dated October25, 1898.

Original application filed November 19 1897, Serial No. 659,163. Dividedand this application filed April 18, 1898. Serial No. 677,963. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may CON/06777,.

Be it known that I, ANDREW L. BIKER, of New York, N. Y., have invented anew and useful Improvement in Armature-Windings, which Improvement isfully set forth in the following specification.

This application is a division and continuation of my application,Serial No. 659,163, filed November 19, 1897, whichdescribes andillustrates a coiling frame or former for winding armature-coils.

The presentinvention relates more particularly to the form andconstruction of the armature-coils themselves.

The general type of winding to which this invention relates is wellknown and has certain recognized advantages.

The object of the present invention is to obviate certain difficultiesand disadvantages attending the construction and use of such windings,to economize wire, to facilitate the assembling of the coils and theirconnections with the commutator, and to render the removal andreplacement of a burned-out or damaged coilless difiicult thanheretofore.

The coil is of hexagonal form, composed of any desired number of turnsof round wire. Those portions of the coil which project beyond the endof the armature-core occupy substantially the same plane as the parallelsides of the coil which lie in the slots of the core. Massing of thewires at the heads of the core is thus avoided. At each end of the coilis a bend or offset to permit the assembling or grouping of the severalcoils upon the armature-body, this being a common feature of sucharmature-windings. The improved coil, however, differs in constructionat this point in an important particular from all other coils of thistype of which I have knowledge. Except at the two downward bends thecoil, regardless of the number of turns of which it is composed, has thethickness of a single wire, whereas at the downward bend it has alwaysthe thickness of two wires. At all other parts of the coil thesuccessive turns lie one above the other, each additional turnincreasing only the height of the coil. At the downward bends theadditional turns beyond two fall into pairs, one behind the other,increasing the width of the coil at these i points-i.e., the dimensionlengthwise of the armatureleaving the thickness at this point alwaysthat of two wires. By this plan of winding round wires a coil isproduced in which the terminals or leads project one in the plane of thetop turn and the other in the plane of the bottom turn, whereas when thesuccessive wires shift positions or cross at the bends the leads comeout in the same plane. The improved construction furthermore furnishes avery compact coil in which there is a minimum waste of wire.

In the accompanying drawings,which form part of this specification,Figure 1 represents in perspective one of the coils as completed andready for application to an armaturecore. Fig. 2 is a plan view of agroup of such coils, showing how they fit together. Fig. 3 is an endelevation of the bend of a coil, the covering-tape being partly removed;and Fig. 4 is an end elevation of part of an armature constructed inaccordance with the invention.

The coil shown in the drawings is composed of three turns of round wire,but the number may of course be greater or less. The coil is hexagonalin shape. The opposite parallel sides a b, Fig. 1, are the parts whichoccupy slots in the armature-core. The remaining sides of the hexagon 0cl 6 f are the connecting parts, which lie beyond the ends of the core.It will be observed that the three wires lie one above the other, hotside by sidethat is to say, when lying in a slot they will all be in thesame plane radial of the cylinder-so that the coil has the thickness ofone wire regardless of the number of turns. It will also be observedthat the connecting sides 0 d efare not bent inward toward the axis ofthe core, but extend outward in substantially the same plane as thesides a 1).

Following the course of the coil (illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3) from theterminal 2, it will be observed that the upper wire (marked 8) and theadjacent wire 9 continue in the same relative positions, the wire 9under wire 8, around the coil until wire 9 ends at the terminal 3, whichis at the bottom of the coil. These wires do not cross or shiftpositions at the vertical drop or bend g, but, as shown in Fig. 3,continue in parallelism; otherwise the ends 2 3 instead of beingrespectively at the top and bottom of the coil would both be at the top.The coil is distinguished by the fact that the thickness of all partsof, the coil-i. 6., the dimension measured on a horizontal line parallelto a tangent of the armature-is equal to one thickness of wire, exceptat the vertical part, where it is equal to two thicknesses, as shown atthe line 5 5, Fig. This is trueirrespective of the number of turns (inexcess of two) of which the coil is composed. As shown in Figs. 1 to S,which illustrate a coil of three turns, the third wire 10 at thevertical part lies behind the wires 8 9. A fourth wire would bealongside thereof, and in case of a greater number they would lie inpairs, one behind another, leaving the thickness at this part alwaystwice that of the other parts of the coil.

The win ding of the complete armature may be considered as composed ofsegments equal .to the number of poles of the machine, each segmentbeing composed of a group of coils, and each coil of a plurality ofturns. The extent to which the connecting parts extend beyond the endsof the core is controlled by tions of any two coils it the side a iswithin the corresponding side of the other c0ilthat is, between it andthe end of the core-its side d will be outside of the corresponding sideof such other coil, and vice versa.

other words,the sides of adjacent coils occupy reversed positions 011opposite sides of the bend or offset. This is shown in Fig. 2,where thesides of one coil are marked 0 d, of another c d, and of a third 0 dOwing to the vertical drop the sides d are in a plane just beneath thatof the sides 0, but only so far beneath as to permit the wires to crosseach otherthat is, to enable the wires com posing a coil after makingthe turn at the angle g to pass inside of those wires which before theturn were outside of it, and vice versa. The construction at the twoends being identical it is unnecessary to repeat the description for theother ends of the coils formed by the sides 6 and f.

My application for patent hereinbefore referred to describes the meanswhich I have designed for producing this coil.

Having thus clearly described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

A coil for armature-windings composed of a number of turns of round wireforming a hexagonal figure having two straight parallel sides to occupyslots in the armature-core, connecting parts in substantially the sameplane as the sides, and a downward bend at each end of the coil, thelatter being of a thickness of two wires across the bend, and of onewire elsewhere, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

ANDRE W L. BIKER.

\Vitnesses:

O. LOFTIN, A. G. ScHULz.

